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Biseksuallıq və ya biseksualizm — həm kişi , həm də qadınlara, o cümlədən birdən çox genderə qarşı romantik cazibə, cinsi cazibə və ya seksual davranış. Bu termin cinsiyyətindən və gender kimliyindən asılı olmayaraq insanlara romantik və ya cinsi cazibə bəsləmək mənasında da istifadə edilə bilər. Buna da deyilir.
Biseksuallıq termini əsasən kişilərə və qadınlara qarşı bəslənən romantik və ya seksual hissləri ifadə etmək üçün istifadə olunur. Bu anlayış heteroseksuallıq və homoseksuallıq ilə birlikdə cinsi oriyentasiyanın üç əsas təsnifatından biridir. Biseksual kimlik hər iki cins üçün eyni cinsi cazibəyə bərabər olmaq məcburiyyətində deyil. Ümumiyyətlə, bir cinsdən digərinə nisbətən fərqli, lakin müstəsna olmayan cinsi seçimləri olan insanlar da özlərini biseksual hesab edirlər.
Müasir elm adamları cinsi oriyentasiyanın dəqiq səbəbini bilmirlər. Buna baxmayaraq, onlar bunun genetik, hormonal və ekoloji amillərin mürəkkəb qarşılıqlı təsirindən qaynaqlandığını irəli sürürlər və bunu seçim kimi qiymətləndirmirlər. Cinsi oriyentasiyanın səbəbi ilə bağlı tək bir nəzəriyyə indiyədək geniş yayılmasa da, elm adamları biologiyaya əsaslanan nəzəriyyələrə üstünlük verirlər. Xüsusilə kişilər üçün cinsi oriyentasiyanın bioloji səbəblərini dəstəkləyən daha çox dəlil var.
Məlum tarix boyunca biseksuallıq müxtəlif insan cəmiyyətlərində və heyvanlar aləmində müşahidə edilmişdir. Buna baxmayaraq, biseksuallıq termini heteroseksuallıq və homoseksuallıq kimi XIX əsrdə ortaya çıxmışdır.
İstinadlar
- "Sexual Orientation & Homosexuality". www.apa.org. American Psychological Association. 16 February 2019 tarixində . İstifadə tarixi: 13 November 2020.
- "Sexual Orientation". . 26 July 2011 tarixində . İstifadə tarixi: 3 December 2012.
- Bailey, J. Michael; Vasey, Paul; Diamond, Lisa; ; Vilain, Eric; Epprecht, Marc. "Sexual Orientation, Controversy, and Science". Psychological Science in the Public Interest. 17 (2). 2016: 45–101. doi:10.1177/1529100616637616. PMID 27113562. 2020-06-11 tarixində . İstifadə tarixi: 2021-09-23.
- "Understanding Bisexuality". . 2019. 17 February 2019 tarixində . İstifadə tarixi: 8 March 2019.
- Carroll JL. Sexuality Now: Embracing Diversity. . 2015. səh. 322. ISBN . 2021-11-07 tarixində . İstifadə tarixi: 2021-09-23.
Pansexuality is also sometimes included under the definition of bisexuality, since pansexuality rejects the gender binary and encompasses romantic or sexual attractions to all gender identities.
- Rice, Kim. Pansexuality // Marshall Cavendish Corporation (redaktor). Sex and Society. 2. . 2009. səh. 593. ISBN . 13 November 2020 tarixində . İstifadə tarixi: 3 October 2012.
In some contexts, the term pansexuality is used interchangeably with bisexuality, which refers to attraction to individuals of both sexes... Those who identify as bisexual feel that gender, biological sex, and sexual orientation should not be a focal point in potential relationships.
- . Bisexuality // Sex from Plato to Paglia: a philosophical encyclopedia. 1. . 2006. səh. 115. ISBN .
Some bisexuals' attractions, however, appear to be gender 'blind'; that is, they are attracted to individuals independently of their sex- and gender linked attributes ... People with a gender-blind or 'pansexual' orientation are open not only to relations with men and women as traditionally figured in our society but also to relations with individuals who identify themselves as some combination of man/woman or some alternative gender entirely.
- LeVay, Simon. Gay, Straight, and the Reason Why: The Science of Sexual Orientation. Oxford University Press. 2017. ISBN . 2020-10-22 tarixində . İstifadə tarixi: 2021-09-23.
- Rosario, M.; Schrimshaw, E.; Hunter, J.; Braun, L. "Sexual identity development among lesbian, gay, and bisexual youths: Consistency and change over time". Journal of Sex Research. 43 (1). 2006: 46–58. doi:10.1080/00224490609552298. PMC 3215279. PMID 16817067.
- Frankowski BL; American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Adolescence. "Sexual orientation and adolescents". . 113 (6). June 2004: 1827–32. doi:10.1542/peds.113.6.1827. PMID 15173519. 2013-03-20 tarixində . İstifadə tarixi: 2021-09-23.
- Lamanna, Mary Ann; Riedmann, Agnes; Stewart, Susan D. Marriages, Families, and Relationships: Making Choices in a Diverse Society. . 2014. səh. 82. ISBN . November 30, 2016 tarixində . İstifadə tarixi: February 11, 2016.
The reason some individuals develop a gay sexual identity has not been definitively established – nor do we yet understand the development of heterosexuality. The American Psychological Association (APA) takes the position that a variety of factors impact a person's sexuality. The most recent literature from the APA says that sexual orientation is not a choice that can be changed at will, and that sexual orientation is most likely the result of a complex interaction of environmental, cognitive and biological factors...is shaped at an early age...[and evidence suggests] biological, including genetic or inborn hormonal factors, play a significant role in a person's sexuality (American Psychological Association 2010).
- Gail Wiscarz Stuart. Principles and Practice of Psychiatric Nursing. . 2014. səh. 502. ISBN . November 30, 2016 tarixində . İstifadə tarixi: February 11, 2016.
No conclusive evidence supports any one specific cause of homosexuality; however, most researchers agree that biological and social factors influence the development of sexual orientation.
- Gloria Kersey-Matusiak. Delivering Culturally Competent Nursing Care. . 2012. səh. 169. ISBN . November 30, 2016 tarixində . İstifadə tarixi: February 10, 2016.
Most health and mental health organizations do not view sexual orientation as a 'choice.'
- Bailey, J. Michael; Vasey, Paul; Diamond, Lisa; ; Vilain, Eric; Epprecht, Marc. "Sexual Orientation, Controversy, and Science". Psychological Science in the Public Interest. 17 (2). 2016: 45–101. doi:10.1177/1529100616637616. PMID 27113562. 2020-06-11 tarixində . İstifadə tarixi: 2021-09-23.
- Balthazart, Jacques. The Biology of Homosexuality. Oxford University Press. 2012. ISBN . 2021-01-26 tarixində . İstifadə tarixi: 2021-09-23.
- . Homosexuality and Civilization. Cambridge, Massachusetts: . 2003. ISBN .
- . Biological Exuberance: Animal Homosexuality and Natural Diversity. London: Profile Books, Ltd. 1999. ISBN .
- . Evolution's Rainbow: Diversity, Gender, and Sexuality in Nature and People. Berkeley, CA: . May 2004. ISBN .
- Driscoll, Emily V. "Bisexual Species: Unorthodox Sex in the Animal Kingdom". Scientific American. July 2008. 2008-11-22 tarixində . İstifadə tarixi: 2021-09-23.
- Harper, Douglas. "Bisexuality". Online Etymology Dictionary. November 2001. 26 October 2004 tarixində . İstifadə tarixi: 16 February 2007.
Əlavə ədəbiyyat
- Eva Cantarella. Bisexuality in the Ancient World, , New Haven, 1992, 2002. ISBN
- Kenneth J. Dover. Greek Homosexuality, New York; Vintage Books, 1978. ISBN
- Thomas K. Hubbard. Homosexuality in Greece and Rome, U. of California Press, 2003. ISBN
- William Armstrong Percy, III. Pederasty and Pedagogy in Archaic Greece, University of Illinois Press, 1996. ISBN
- Stephen O. Murray and Will Roscoe, et al. Islamic Homosexualities: Culture, History, and Literature, New York: New York University Press, 1997. ISBN
- J. Wright & Everett Rowson. Homoeroticism in Classical Arabic Literature. 1998. ISBN (pbbk)/ ISBN (hdbk)
- Gary Leupp. Male Colors: The Construction of Homosexuality in Tokugawa Japan, Berkeley, University of California Press, 1995. ISBN
- Tsuneo Watanabe & Jun'ichi Iwata. The Love of the Samurai. A Thousand Years of Japanese Homosexuality, London: GMP Publishers, 1987. ISBN
- Sigmund Freud. Three Contributions to the Theory of Sex. ISBN
- Bisexuality: Theories, Research, and Recommendations for the Invisible Sexuality by D. Joye Swan and Shani Habibi, Editors ISBN
- Dual Attraction: Understanding Bisexuality by , , & Douglas W. Pryor, ISBN
- Bi Any Other Name : Bisexual People Speak Out by , Editor & , Editor ISBN
- Getting Bi : Voices of Bisexuals Around the World by , Editor & Sarah Rowley, Editor ISBN
- by Fritz Klein, MD ISBN
- Bi Men : Coming Out Every Which Way by and Pete Chvany, Editors ISBN
- Bi America : Myths, Truths, And Struggles of an Invisible Community by William E. Burleson ISBN
- Bisexuality in the United States : A Social Science Reader by , Editor ISBN
- Bisexuality : The Psychology and Politics of an Invisible Minority by Beth A. Firestein, Editor ISBN
- Current Research on Bisexuality by Ronald C. Fox PhD, Editor ISBN
- Bryant, Wayne M.. Bisexual Characters in Film: From Anais to Zee. Haworth Gay & Lesbian Studies, 1997. ISBN
Xarici keçidlər
- American Institute of Bisexuality
- American Psychological Association's Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Concerns Office
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Biseksualliq ve ya biseksualizm hem kisi hem de qadinlara o cumleden birden cox gendere qarsi romantik cazibe cinsi cazibe ve ya seksual davranis Bu termin cinsiyyetinden ve gender kimliyinden asili olmayaraq insanlara romantik ve ya cinsi cazibe beslemek menasinda da istifade edile biler Buna da deyilir Biseksual qurur bayragi Biseksualliq termini esasen kisilere ve qadinlara qarsi beslenen romantik ve ya seksual hissleri ifade etmek ucun istifade olunur Bu anlayis heteroseksualliq ve homoseksualliq ile birlikde cinsi oriyentasiyanin uc esas tesnifatindan biridir Biseksual kimlik her iki cins ucun eyni cinsi cazibeye beraber olmaq mecburiyyetinde deyil Umumiyyetle bir cinsden digerine nisbeten ferqli lakin mustesna olmayan cinsi secimleri olan insanlar da ozlerini biseksual hesab edirler Muasir elm adamlari cinsi oriyentasiyanin deqiq sebebini bilmirler Buna baxmayaraq onlar bunun genetik hormonal ve ekoloji amillerin murekkeb qarsiliqli tesirinden qaynaqlandigini ireli sururler ve bunu secim kimi qiymetlendirmirler Cinsi oriyentasiyanin sebebi ile bagli tek bir nezeriyye indiyedek genis yayilmasa da elm adamlari biologiyaya esaslanan nezeriyyelere ustunluk verirler Xususile kisiler ucun cinsi oriyentasiyanin bioloji sebeblerini destekleyen daha cox delil var Melum tarix boyunca biseksualliq muxtelif insan cemiyyetlerinde ve heyvanlar aleminde musahide edilmisdir Buna baxmayaraq biseksualliq termini heteroseksualliq ve homoseksualliq kimi XIX esrde ortaya cixmisdir Istinadlar Sexual Orientation amp Homosexuality www apa org American Psychological Association 16 February 2019 tarixinde Istifade tarixi 13 November 2020 Sexual Orientation 26 July 2011 tarixinde Istifade tarixi 3 December 2012 Bailey J Michael Vasey Paul Diamond Lisa Vilain Eric Epprecht Marc Sexual Orientation Controversy and Science Psychological Science in the Public Interest 17 2 2016 45 101 doi 10 1177 1529100616637616 PMID 27113562 2020 06 11 tarixinde Istifade tarixi 2021 09 23 Understanding Bisexuality 2019 17 February 2019 tarixinde Istifade tarixi 8 March 2019 Carroll JL Sexuality Now Embracing Diversity 2015 seh 322 ISBN 978 1305446038 2021 11 07 tarixinde Istifade tarixi 2021 09 23 Pansexuality is also sometimes included under the definition of bisexuality since pansexuality rejects the gender binary and encompasses romantic or sexual attractions to all gender identities Rice Kim Pansexuality Marshall Cavendish Corporation redaktor Sex and Society 2 2009 seh 593 ISBN 978 0 7614 7905 5 13 November 2020 tarixinde Istifade tarixi 3 October 2012 In some contexts the term pansexuality is used interchangeably with bisexuality which refers to attraction to individuals of both sexes Those who identify as bisexual feel that gender biological sex and sexual orientation should not be a focal point in potential relationships Bisexuality Sex from Plato to Paglia a philosophical encyclopedia 1 2006 seh 115 ISBN 978 0 313 32686 8 Some bisexuals attractions however appear to be gender blind that is they are attracted to individuals independently of their sex and gender linked attributes People with a gender blind or pansexual orientation are open not only to relations with men and women as traditionally figured in our society but also to relations with individuals who identify themselves as some combination of man woman or some alternative gender entirely LeVay Simon Gay Straight and the Reason Why The Science of Sexual Orientation Oxford University Press 2017 ISBN 9780199752966 2020 10 22 tarixinde Istifade tarixi 2021 09 23 Rosario M Schrimshaw E Hunter J Braun L Sexual identity development among lesbian gay and bisexual youths Consistency and change over time Journal of Sex Research 43 1 2006 46 58 doi 10 1080 00224490609552298 PMC 3215279 PMID 16817067 Frankowski BL American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Adolescence Sexual orientation and adolescents 113 6 June 2004 1827 32 doi 10 1542 peds 113 6 1827 PMID 15173519 2013 03 20 tarixinde Istifade tarixi 2021 09 23 Lamanna Mary Ann Riedmann Agnes Stewart Susan D Marriages Families and Relationships Making Choices in a Diverse Society 2014 seh 82 ISBN 978 1 305 17689 8 November 30 2016 tarixinde Istifade tarixi February 11 2016 The reason some individuals develop a gay sexual identity has not been definitively established nor do we yet understand the development of heterosexuality The American Psychological Association APA takes the position that a variety of factors impact a person s sexuality The most recent literature from the APA says that sexual orientation is not a choice that can be changed at will and that sexual orientation is most likely the result of a complex interaction of environmental cognitive and biological factors is shaped at an early age and evidence suggests biological including genetic or inborn hormonal factors play a significant role in a person s sexuality American Psychological Association 2010 Gail Wiscarz Stuart Principles and Practice of Psychiatric Nursing 2014 seh 502 ISBN 978 0 323 29412 6 November 30 2016 tarixinde Istifade tarixi February 11 2016 No conclusive evidence supports any one specific cause of homosexuality however most researchers agree that biological and social factors influence the development of sexual orientation Gloria Kersey Matusiak Delivering Culturally Competent Nursing Care 2012 seh 169 ISBN 978 0 8261 9381 0 November 30 2016 tarixinde Istifade tarixi February 10 2016 Most health and mental health organizations do not view sexual orientation as a choice Bailey J Michael Vasey Paul Diamond Lisa Vilain Eric Epprecht Marc Sexual Orientation Controversy and Science Psychological Science in the Public Interest 17 2 2016 45 101 doi 10 1177 1529100616637616 PMID 27113562 2020 06 11 tarixinde Istifade tarixi 2021 09 23 Balthazart Jacques The Biology of Homosexuality Oxford University Press 2012 ISBN 9780199838820 2021 01 26 tarixinde Istifade tarixi 2021 09 23 Homosexuality and Civilization Cambridge Massachusetts 2003 ISBN 978 0 674 01197 7 Biological Exuberance Animal Homosexuality and Natural Diversity London Profile Books Ltd 1999 ISBN 978 1 86197 182 1 Evolution s Rainbow Diversity Gender and Sexuality in Nature and People Berkeley CA May 2004 ISBN 978 0 520 24073 5 Driscoll Emily V Bisexual Species Unorthodox Sex in the Animal Kingdom Scientific American July 2008 2008 11 22 tarixinde Istifade tarixi 2021 09 23 Harper Douglas Bisexuality Online Etymology Dictionary November 2001 26 October 2004 tarixinde Istifade tarixi 16 February 2007 Elave edebiyyatEva Cantarella Bisexuality in the Ancient World New Haven 1992 2002 ISBN 978 0 300 09302 5 Kenneth J Dover Greek Homosexuality New York Vintage Books 1978 ISBN 0 394 74224 9 Thomas K Hubbard Homosexuality in Greece and Rome U of California Press 2003 ISBN 0 520 23430 8 William Armstrong Percy III Pederasty and Pedagogy in Archaic Greece University of Illinois Press 1996 ISBN 0 252 02209 2 Stephen O Murray and Will Roscoe et al Islamic Homosexualities Culture History and Literature New York New York University Press 1997 ISBN 0 8147 7468 7 J Wright amp Everett Rowson Homoeroticism in Classical Arabic Literature 1998 ISBN 0 231 10507 X pbbk ISBN 0 231 10506 1 hdbk Gary Leupp Male Colors The Construction of Homosexuality in Tokugawa Japan Berkeley University of California Press 1995 ISBN 0 520 20900 1 Tsuneo Watanabe amp Jun ichi Iwata The Love of the Samurai A Thousand Years of Japanese Homosexuality London GMP Publishers 1987 ISBN 0 85449 115 5 Sigmund Freud Three Contributions to the Theory of Sex ISBN 0 486 41603 8 Bisexuality Theories Research and Recommendations for the Invisible Sexuality by D Joye Swan and Shani Habibi Editors ISBN 9783319715346 Dual Attraction Understanding Bisexuality by amp Douglas W Pryor ISBN 0195098412 Bi Any Other Name Bisexual People Speak Out by Editor amp Editor ISBN 1 55583 174 5 Getting Bi Voices of Bisexuals Around the World by Editor amp Sarah Rowley Editor ISBN 0 9653881 4 X by Fritz Klein MD ISBN 1 56023 033 9 Bi Men Coming Out Every Which Way by and Pete Chvany Editors ISBN 978 1 56023 615 3 Bi America Myths Truths And Struggles of an Invisible Community by William E Burleson ISBN 978 1 56023 478 4 Bisexuality in the United States A Social Science Reader by Editor ISBN 0 231 10226 7 Bisexuality The Psychology and Politics of an Invisible Minority by Beth A Firestein Editor ISBN 0 8039 7274 1 Current Research on Bisexuality by Ronald C Fox PhD Editor ISBN 978 1 56023 289 6 Bryant Wayne M Bisexual Characters in Film From Anais to Zee Haworth Gay amp Lesbian Studies 1997 ISBN 1 56023 894 1Xarici kecidlerVikianbarda Biseksualliq ile elaqeli mediafayllar var American Institute of Bisexuality American Psychological Association s Lesbian Gay Bisexual and Transgender Concerns Office