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Nökər,qulluqçu və ya xidmətçi — müxtəlif ev işləri görənlər və ümumiyyətlə işəgötürənin evində yaşayan şəxs. Böyük evlərdə müxtəlif vəzifələri yerinə yetirən çox sayda nökər ola bilər. Onlar çox vaxt daxili bir iyerarxiya meydana gətirirlər.
Etimologiyası
Nökər sözü Azərbaycan dilinə monqol dilindən keçmişdir, mənası "dost", "yoldaş" deməkdir. Monqol əyanlarının silahlı dəstəsinin üzvləri olan nökərlərdən götürülmüşdür. XIV əsrdən nökər ifadəsi Azərbaycanda, İranda və Mərkəzi Asiyada yayılmışdır.
İstinadlar
- "NÖKƏR". Obastan (az.). 2021-07-28 tarixində . İstifadə tarixi: 28 iyul 2021.
- "QULLUQÇU". Obastan (az.). 2021-07-28 tarixində . İstifadə tarixi: 28 iyul 2021.
- "XİDMƏTÇİ". Obastan (az.). 2021-07-28 tarixində . İstifadə tarixi: 28 iyul 2021.
- Нөкәрләр // Azərbaycan Sovet Ensiklopediyası: [10 ҹилддә]. VII ҹилд: Мисир—Прадо. Бакы: Азәрбајҹан Совет Енсиклопедијасынын Баш Редаксијасы. Баш редактор: Ҹ. Б. Гулијев. 1983. С. 300.
Əlavə ədəbiyyat
- The Duties of Servants; by a member of the aristocracy, author of 'Manners and Rules of Good Society'. London: F. Warne & Co., 1894
- A Few Rules for the Manners of Servants in Good Families. Ladies' Sanitary Association, 1901
- The Servants' Practical Guide: a handbook of duties and rules; by the author of 'Manners and Tone of Good Society'. London: Frederick Warne & Co., [1880]
- The Management of Servants: a practical guide to the routine of domestic service; by the author of "Manners and Tone of Good Society." (the same work under a different title)
- Dawes, Frank (1973) Not in Front of the Servants: domestic service in England 1850–1939. London: Wayland ISBN
- Evans, Siân (2011) Life below Stairs in the Victorian and Edwardian Country House. National Trust Books
- --do.--"Yells, Bells and Smells … from royal visits … to the case of the cook and the freezer", in: National Trust Magazine; Autumn 2011, pp. 70–73
- Horn, Pamela (1990 [1975]) The Rise and Fall of the Victorian Servant. Stroud: Sutton Publishing ISBN 978-0-750-9098-5
- Musson, Jeremy (2009) Up and Down Stairs: the history of the country house servant. London: John Murray ISBN
- Ray; Qayum. Cultures of Servitude: Modernity, Domesticity, and Class in India. Stanford University Press, Stanford. 2009. ISBN .
- Steedman, Carolyn. Labours Lost: Domestic Service and the Making of Modern England. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 2009. ISBN .
- Sinha; Varma; Jha (2019) Servants' Pasts: Sixteenth to Eighteenth Century, South Asia, Vol. 1. New Delhi: Orient Blackswan ISBN
- Sinha; Varma. Servants' Pasts: Late-Eighteenth to Twentieth-Century South Asia, Vol. 2. Orient Blackswan New Delhi. 2019. ISBN .
Xarici keçidlər
- List of digitized books on domestic workers in German, English, and other languages at de.wikisource
- ILO resources on domestic workers:
- Resource guide on domestic workers, Convention Concerning Decent Work for Domestic Workers (June 16, 2011) (PDF), Decent work for domestic workers, Report IV(1) (2010)
- Domestic Workers, Maids Services
- An international campaign for domestic workers' labour rights
- A Research Project entitled "Servants Pasts" which traces domestic service historically
- Interview with an Indonesian domestic worker in Singapore Clip from documentary film 'At Your Service' (2010, director Jorge Leon)
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Bu adin diger istifade formalari ucun bax Noker deqiqlesdirme Noker qulluqcu ve ya xidmetci muxtelif ev isleri gorenler ve umumiyyetle isegoturenin evinde yasayan sexs Boyuk evlerde muxtelif vezifeleri yerine yetiren cox sayda noker ola biler Onlar cox vaxt daxili bir iyerarxiya meydana getirirler Formali bir amerikan nokeri tesvir eden afisa Teqriben 1939 cu il EtimologiyasiNoker sozu Azerbaycan diline monqol dilinden kecmisdir menasi dost yoldas demekdir Monqol eyanlarinin silahli destesinin uzvleri olan nokerlerden goturulmusdur XIV esrden noker ifadesi Azerbaycanda Iranda ve Merkezi Asiyada yayilmisdir Istinadlar NOKER Obastan az 2021 07 28 tarixinde Istifade tarixi 28 iyul 2021 QULLUQCU Obastan az 2021 07 28 tarixinde Istifade tarixi 28 iyul 2021 XIDMETCI Obastan az 2021 07 28 tarixinde Istifade tarixi 28 iyul 2021 Nokәrlәr Azerbaycan Sovet Ensiklopediyasi 10 ҹilddә VII ҹild Misir Prado Baky Azәrbaјҹan Sovet Ensiklopediјasynyn Bash Redaksiјasy Bash redaktor Ҹ B Guliјev 1983 S 300 Elave edebiyyatThe Duties of Servants by a member of the aristocracy author of Manners and Rules of Good Society London F Warne amp Co 1894 A Few Rules for the Manners of Servants in Good Families Ladies Sanitary Association 1901 The Servants Practical Guide a handbook of duties and rules by the author of Manners and Tone of Good Society London Frederick Warne amp Co 1880 The Management of Servants a practical guide to the routine of domestic service by the author of Manners and Tone of Good Society the same work under a different title Dawes Frank 1973 Not in Front of the Servants domestic service in England 1850 1939 London Wayland ISBN 0 85340 287 6 Evans Sian 2011 Life below Stairs in the Victorian and Edwardian Country House National Trust Books do Yells Bells and Smells from royal visits to the case of the cook and the freezer in National Trust Magazine Autumn 2011 pp 70 73 Horn Pamela 1990 1975 The Rise and Fall of the Victorian Servant Stroud Sutton Publishing ISBN 978 0 750 9098 5 Musson Jeremy 2009 Up and Down Stairs the history of the country house servant London John Murray ISBN 978 0 7195 9730 5 Ray Qayum Cultures of Servitude Modernity Domesticity and Class in India Stanford University Press Stanford 2009 ISBN 9780804771092 Steedman Carolyn Labours Lost Domestic Service and the Making of Modern England Cambridge University Press Cambridge 2009 ISBN 9780521736237 Sinha Varma Jha 2019 Servants Pasts Sixteenth to Eighteenth Century South Asia Vol 1 New Delhi Orient Blackswan ISBN 978 9 3528 7664 8 Sinha Varma Servants Pasts Late Eighteenth to Twentieth Century South Asia Vol 2 Orient Blackswan New Delhi 2019 ISBN 978 9352876945 Xarici kecidlerVikianbarda Noker ile elaqeli mediafayllar var List of digitized books on domestic workers in German English and other languages at de wikisource ILO resources on domestic workers Resource guide on domestic workers Convention Concerning Decent Work for Domestic Workers June 16 2011 PDF Decent work for domestic workers Report IV 1 2010 Domestic Workers Maids Services An international campaign for domestic workers labour rights A Research Project entitled Servants Pasts which traces domestic service historically Interview with an Indonesian domestic worker in Singapore Clip from documentary film At Your Service 2010 director Jorge Leon