Yahve (ivr. יַהְוֶה/𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄, jahˈwe; mənası – "rəbb") — iudaizm və xristianlıqda tanrının çoxsaylı adlarından biri, və çarlıqlarında milli tanrı. Onun dəqiq mənşəyi mübahisəli bir mövzudur, lakin onun mənşəyi erkən dəmir dövrünə, hətta tunc dövrünə qədər gedib çatır. Onun adı Kənan xalqının dininin baş tanrısı olan Elin adından törəmiş ola bilər, ancaq Yahvenin adının ən erkən münasib sadalanması Qədim Misir mətnlərindədir. Bu mətnlərdə cənubunda yaşayan köçəri tayfasıdır.
Ən qədim dini ədəbiyyat nümunələrində Yahve tipik bir Yaxın Şərq "döyüşçü tanrısı"dır, hansı ki, müqəddəs ordusunu İsrailin düşmənlərinə qarşı yürüdür. O, daha sonra İsrail və Yəhudi çarlıqlarının əsas tanrısına çevrilir. Vaxt keçdikcə saray və Yahveni bütün kainatın hər bir ilah və ilahənin hər bir müsbət keyfiyyətini daşıyan tanrısı elan edir. (e.ə. VI əsr) sonunda özgə tanrıların varlığı inkar edilir və Yahve bütün kainatın qurucusu, bütün dünyanın yeganə tanrısı hesab edilir.
Mənbə
İstinadlar
- Van Der Toorn, 1999. səh. 766
- Edelman, 1995. səh. 190
- "Arxivlənmiş surət". 2021-06-18 tarixində . İstifadə tarixi: 2023-05-18.
- "Peyğəmbərlər". 25 avq 2020. 2023-05-18 tarixində . İstifadə tarixi: 2023-05-18.
- Miller, 1986. səh. 110
- Smith, 2010. səh. 96-98
- Miller, 2000. səh. 1
- Dijkstra, 2001. səh. 92
- Dever, 2003b. səh. 128
- Hackett, 2001. səh. 158–59
- Smith, 2002. səh. 72
- Wyatt, 2010. səh. 69–70
- Betz, 2000. səh. 917
Ədəbiyyat
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- . The Great Angel: A Study of Israel's Second God. Westminster John Knox Press. 1992. ISBN .
- Barker, Margaret, The Lady in the Temple, The Mother of the Lord, 1, London, England: Bloomsbury T&T Clark, 2012, ISBN
- Becking, Bob. The Gods in Whom They Trusted // Becking, Bob (redaktor). Only One God?: Monotheism in Ancient Israel and the Veneration of the Goddess Asherah. A&C Black. 2001. ISBN .
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- . 'There Was No King In Israel': The Era of the Judges // Coogan, Michael David (redaktor). The Oxford History of the Biblical World. Oxford University Press. 2001. ISBN .
- Halpern, Baruch; Adams, Matthew J. From Gods to God: The Dynamics of Iron Age Cosmologies. Mohr Siebeck. 2009. ISBN .
- Handy, Lowell K. Among the Host of Heaven: The Syro-Palestinian Pantheon as Bureaucracy. Eisenbrauns. 1994. ISBN .
- Israelite Religions: An Archaeological and Biblical Survey. Baker Academic. 2007. ISBN .
- Hess, Richard S., Yahweh's "Wife" and Belief in One God in the Old Testament // Hoffmeier, James K.; Magary, Dennis R. (redaktorlar ), Do Historical Matters Matter to Faith?: A Critical Appraisal of Modern and Postmodern Approaches to Scripture, Wheaton, Illinois: Crossway, 2012, 459–476, ISBN
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- Schniedewind, William M. A Social History of Hebrew: Its Origins Through the Rabbinic Period. Yale University Press. 2013. ISBN .
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- Van der Toorn, Karel. Family Religion in Babylonia, Ugarit and Israel: Continuity and Changes in the Forms of Religious Life. BRILL. 1996. ISBN .
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Yehova ile sehv salmayin Yahve ivr י ה ו ה 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 jahˈwe menasi rebb iudaizm ve xristianliqda tanrinin coxsayli adlarindan biri ve carliqlarinda milli tanri Onun deqiq menseyi mubahiseli bir movzudur lakin onun menseyi erken demir dovrune hetta tunc dovrune qeder gedib catir Onun adi Kenan xalqinin dininin bas tanrisi olan Elin adindan toremis ola biler ancaq Yahvenin adinin en erken munasib sadalanmasi Qedim Misir metnlerindedir Bu metnlerde cenubunda yasayan koceri tayfasidir E e IV esre aid bir in dordde biri indiki Israil Ehemeniler dovleti Texmin edilir ki bu sikkede Yahve temsil edilib En qedim dini edebiyyat numunelerinde Yahve tipik bir Yaxin Serq doyuscu tanrisi dir hansi ki muqeddes ordusunu Israilin dusmenlerine qarsi yurudur O daha sonra Israil ve Yehudi carliqlarinin esas tanrisina cevrilir Vaxt kecdikce saray ve Yahveni butun kainatin her bir ilah ve ilahenin her bir musbet keyfiyyetini dasiyan tanrisi elan edir e e VI esr sonunda ozge tanrilarin varligi inkar edilir ve Yahve butun kainatin qurucusu butun dunyanin yegane tanrisi hesab edilir MenbeIstinadlar Van Der Toorn 1999 seh 766 Edelman 1995 seh 190 Arxivlenmis suret 2021 06 18 tarixinde Istifade tarixi 2023 05 18 Peygemberler 25 avq 2020 2023 05 18 tarixinde Istifade tarixi 2023 05 18 Miller 1986 seh 110 Smith 2010 seh 96 98 Miller 2000 seh 1 Dijkstra 2001 seh 92 Dever 2003b seh 128 Hackett 2001 seh 158 59 Smith 2002 seh 72 Wyatt 2010 seh 69 70 Betz 2000 seh 917 Edebiyyat Goddesses Richard Suzanne redaktor Near Eastern Archaeology A Reader Eisenbrauns 2003 ISBN 978 1 57506 083 5 Ahlstrom Gosta Werner The Role of Archaeological and Literary Remains in Reconstructing Israel s History Edelman Diana Vikander redaktor The Fabric of History Text Artifact and Israel s Past A amp C Black 1991 ISBN 9780567491107 Ahlstrom Gosta Werner The History of Ancient Palestine Fortress Press 1993 ISBN 978 0 8006 2770 6 Albertz Rainer A History of Israelite Religion Volume I From the Beginnings to the End of the Monarchy Westminster John Knox 1994 ISBN 9780664227197 Allen Spencer L The Splintered Divine A Study of Istar Baal and Yahweh Divine Names and Divine Multiplicity in the Ancient Near East Walter de Gruyter 2015 ISBN 9781501500220 Anderson James S Monotheism and Yahweh s Appropriation of Baal Bloomsbury 2015 ISBN 9780567663962 The Great Angel A Study of Israel s Second God Westminster John Knox Press 1992 ISBN 9780664253950 Barker Margaret The Lady in the Temple The Mother of the Lord 1 London England Bloomsbury T amp T Clark 2012 ISBN 978 0567362469 Becking Bob The Gods in Whom They Trusted Becking Bob redaktor Only One God Monotheism in Ancient Israel and the Veneration of the Goddess Asherah A amp C Black 2001 ISBN 9780567232120 Bennett Harold V Injustice Made Legal Deuteronomic Law and the Plight of Widows Strangers and Orphans in Ancient Israel Eerdmans 2002 ISBN 9780802839091 Berquist Jon L Approaching Yehud New Approaches to the Study of the Persian Period SBL Press 2007 ISBN 9781589831452 Betz Arnold Gottfried Monotheism Freedman David Noel Myer Allen C redaktorlar Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible Eerdmans 2000 ISBN 978 9053565032 Betz Hans Dieter The Greek Magical Papyri in Translation Including the Demonic Spells 2 Chicago Illinois University of Chicago Press 1996 ISBN 978 0226044477 Chalmers Aaron Exploring the Religion of Ancient Israel Prophet Priest Sage and People SPCK 2012 ISBN 9780281069002 Arnold Clinton E The Colossian Syncretism The Interface Between Christianity and Folk Belief at Colossae Eugene Oregon Mohr Siebeck 1996 ISBN 978 1 4982 1757 6 Cohen Shaye J D The Temple and the Synagogue Finkelstein Louis Davies W D Horbury William redaktorlar The Cambridge History of Judaism Volume 3 The Early Roman Period Cambridge University Press 1999 ISBN 9780521243773 Cohn Norman Cosmos Chaos and the World to Come The Ancient Roots of Apocalyptic Faith Yale University Press 2001 ISBN 978 0300090888 Collins John J The Bible After Babel Historical Criticism in a Postmodern Age Eerdmans 2005 ISBN 9780802828927 Coogan Michael David Brettler Marc Zvi Newsom Carol Ann Editors Introduction Coogan Michael David Brettler Marc Zvi Newsom Carol Ann redaktorlar The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocryphal Deuterocanonical Books Oxford University Press 2007 ISBN 9780195288803 Coogan Michael D Smith Mark S Stories from Ancient Canaan 2nd Edition Presbyterian Publishing Corp 2012 ISBN 978 9053565032 Cook Stephen L The Social Roots of Biblical Yahwism Society of Biblical Literature 2004 ISBN 9781589830981 Darby Erin Interpreting Judean Pillar Figurines Gender and Empire in Judean Apotropaic Ritual Mohr Siebeck 2014 ISBN 9783161524929 Davies Philip R Rogerson John The Old Testament World Westminster John Knox 2005 ISBN 9780567084880 Davies Philip R Urban Religion and Rural Religion Stavrakopoulou Francesca Barton John redaktorlar Religious Diversity in Ancient Israel and Judah Continuum International Publishing Group 2010 ISBN 9780567032164 Yahweh and the Gods and Goddesses of Canaan Continuum 2002 ISBN 9780567537836 Dever William G Religion and Cult in the Levant Richard Suzanne redaktor Near Eastern Archaeology A Reader Eisenbrauns 2003a ISBN 978 1 57506 083 5 Dever William G Who Were the Early Israelites and Where Did They Come From Eerdmans 2003b ISBN 9780802844163 Dever William G Did God Have A Wife Archaeology And Folk Religion In Ancient Israel Eerdmans 2005 ISBN 978 0 8028 2852 1 Dicou Bert Edom Israel s Brother and Antagonist The Role of Edom in Biblical Prophecy and Story A amp C Black 1994 ISBN 9781850754589 Dijkstra Meindert El the God of Israel Israel the People of YHWH On the Origins of Ancient Israelite Yahwism Becking Bob Dijkstra Meindert Korpel Marjo C A ve b redaktorlar Only One God Monotheism in Ancient Israel and the Veneration of the Goddess Asherah A amp C Black 2001 ISBN 9781841271996 Eakin Frank E Jr The Religion and Culture of Israel Boston Allyn and Bacon 1971 70 and 263 Edelman Diana V Tracking Observance of the Aniconic Tradition Edelman Diana Vikander redaktor The Triumph of Elohim From Yahwisms to Judaisms Peeters Publishers 1995 ISBN 978 9053565032 Elior Rachel Early Forms of Jewish Mysticism Katz Steven T redaktor The Cambridge History of Judaism The Late Roman Rabbinic Period Cambridge University Press 2006 ISBN 9780521772488 Finkelstein Israel Silberman Neil Asher The Bible Unearthed Archaeology s New Vision of Ancient Israel and the Origin of Sacred Texts Simon and Schuster 2002 ISBN 9780743223386 Freedman D N O Connor M P Ringgren H YHWH Botterweck G J Ringgren H redaktorlar Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament 5 Eerdmans 1986 ISBN 9780802823298 Frerichs Ernest S The Bible and Bibles in America Scholars Press 1998 ISBN 9781555400965 Gnuse Robert Karl No Other Gods Emergent Monotheism in Israel Continuum 1997 ISBN 9780567374158 Gnuse Robert The Emergence of Monotheism in Ancient Israel A Survey of Recent Scholarship Religion 29 4 1999 315 36 doi 10 1006 reli 1999 0198 Gorman Frank H Jr Feasts Festivals Freedman David Noel Myers Allen C redaktorlar Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible Amsterdam University Press 2000 ISBN 978 1 57506 083 5 Grabbe Lester L An Introduction to Second Temple Judaism A amp C Black 2010 ISBN 9780567552488 Grabbe Lester Many nations will be joined to YHWH in that day The question of YHWH outside Judah Stavrakopoulou Francesca Barton John redaktorlar Religious diversity in Ancient Israel and Judah Continuum International Publishing Group 2010 ISBN 978 0 567 03216 4 Grabbe Lester Ancient Israel What Do We Know and How Do We Know It A amp C Black 2007 ISBN 9780567032546 There Was No King In Israel The Era of the Judges Coogan Michael David redaktor The Oxford History of the Biblical World Oxford University Press 2001 ISBN 978 0 19 513937 2 Halpern Baruch Adams Matthew J From Gods to God The Dynamics of Iron Age Cosmologies Mohr Siebeck 2009 ISBN 9783161499029 Handy Lowell K Among the Host of Heaven The Syro Palestinian Pantheon as Bureaucracy Eisenbrauns 1994 ISBN 9780931464843 Israelite Religions An Archaeological and Biblical Survey Baker Academic 2007 ISBN 9780801027178 Hess Richard S Yahweh s Wife and Belief in One God in the Old Testament Hoffmeier James K Magary Dennis R redaktorlar Do Historical Matters Matter to Faith A Critical Appraisal of Modern and Postmodern Approaches to Scripture Wheaton Illinois Crossway 2012 459 476 ISBN 978 1 4335 2574 2 Hoffman Joel In the Beginning A Short History of the Hebrew Language NYU Press 2004 ISBN 9780814737064 Humphries W Lee God Names of Mills Watson E Bullard Roger Aubrey redaktorlar Mercer Dictionary of the Bible Mercer University Press 1990 ISBN 9780865543737 Kaiser Walter C Jr Exodus Zondervan 2017 ISBN 9780310531739 Keel Othmar The Symbolism of the Biblical World Ancient Near Eastern Iconography and the Book of Psalms Eisenbrauns 1997 ISBN 9781575060149 Leech Kenneth Experiencing God Theology as Spirituality Eugene Oregon Wipf and Stock Publishers 2002 1985 ISBN 978 1579106133 Lemche Niels Peter The Israelites in History and Tradition Westminster John Knox Press 1998 ISBN 9780664227272 Levin Christoph Re Reading the Scriptures Essays on the Literary History of the Old Testament Mohr Siebeck 2013 ISBN 9783161522079 Liverani Mario Israel s History and the History of Israel Routledge 2014 ISBN 978 1317488934 Mafico Temba L J The Divine Name Yahweh Alohim from an African Perspective Segovia Fernando F Tolbert Mary Ann redaktorlar Reading from this Place Social Location and Biblical Interpretation in Global Perspective 2 Fortress Press 1992 ISBN 9781451407884 Mastin B A Yahweh s Asherah Inclusive Monotheism and the Question of Dating Day John redaktor In Search of Pre Exilic Israel Bloomsbury 2005 ISBN 9780567245540 McDonough Sean M YHWH at Patmos Rev 1 4 in Its Hellenistic and Early Jewish Setting Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament 2 Reihe 107 Tubingen Germany Mohr Siebeck 1999 ISBN 978 3 16 147055 4 ISSN 0340 9570 Aspects of Old Testament Thought in Raymond E Brown Joseph A Fitzmyer and Roland E Murphy eds The New Jerome Biblical Commentary New Jersey Prentice Hall 1990 1287 S v 77 17 Mettinger Tryggve N D A Conversation With My Critics Cultic Image or Aniconism in the First Temple Amit Yaira Naʼaman Nadav redaktorlar Essays on Ancient Israel in Its Near Eastern Context Eisenbrauns 2006 ISBN 9781575061283 Meyers Carol Kinship and Kingship The early Monarchy Coogan Michael David redaktor The Oxford History of the Biblical World Oxford University Press 2001 ISBN 978 0 19 513937 2 MacDonald Nathan Aniconism in the Old Testament Gordon R P redaktor The God of Israel Cambridge University Press 2007 ISBN 9780521873659 The Religion of Ancient Israel Westminster John Knox Press 2000 ISBN 978 0 664 22145 4 A History of Ancient Israel and Judah Westminster John Knox Press 1986 ISBN 9780664212629 Moore Megan Bishop Kelle Brad E Biblical History and Israel s Past The Changing Study of the Bible and History Eerdmans 2011 ISBN 9780802862600 Nestor Dermot Anthony Cognitive Perspectives on Israelite Identity Continuum International Publishing Group 2010 Niehr Herbert The Rise of YHWH in Judahite and Israelite Religion Edelman Diana Vikander redaktor The Triumph of Elohim From Yahwisms to Judaisms Peeters Publishers 1995 ISBN 978 9053565032 Noll K L Canaan and Israel in Antiquity An Introduction A amp C Black 2001 ISBN 9781841272580 Parke Taylor G H Yahweh The Divine Name in the Bible Waterloo Ontario Wilfrid Laurier University Press 1975 ISBN 978 0 88920 013 5 Petersen Allan Rosengren The Royal God Enthronement Festivals in Ancient Israel and Ugarit A amp C Black 1998 ISBN 9781850758648 Romer Thomas The Invention of Yahweh Harvard University Press 2014 ISBN 9780674915756 Schniedewind William M A Social History of Hebrew Its Origins Through the Rabbinic Period Yale University Press 2013 ISBN 9780300176681 Smith Mark S El Freedman David Noel Myer Allen C redaktorlar Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible Eerdmans 2000 ISBN 9789053565032 The Origins of Biblical Monotheism Israel s Polytheistic Background and the Ugaritic Texts Oxford University Press 2001 ISBN 9780195167689 The Early History of God Yahweh and the Other Deities in Ancient Israel 2nd Eerdmans 2002 ISBN 9780802839725 Smith Mark S Astral Religion and the Divinity Noegel Scott Walker Joel redaktorlar Prayer Magic and the Stars in the Ancient and Late Antique World Penn State Press 2003 ISBN 978 0271046006 God in Translation Deities in Cross Cultural Discourse in the Biblical World Eerdmans 2010 ISBN 9780802864338 Smith Morton Jewish Religious Life in the Persian Period Finkelstein Louis redaktor The Cambridge History of Judaism Volume 1 Introduction The Persian Period Cambridge University Press 1984 ISBN 9780521218801 Studies in the Cult of Yahweh Volume One Studies in Historical Method Ancient Israel Ancient Judaism Leiden The Netherlands New York City New York and Cologne Germany E J Brill 1996a ISBN 978 90 04 10477 8 Smith Morton Cohen Shaye J D Studies in the Cult of Yahweh Volume Two New Testament Christianity and Magic Leiden The Netherlands New York City New York and Cologne Germany E J Brill 1996b 242 56 ISBN 978 90 04 10479 2 Sommer Benjamin D God names of Berlin Adele Grossman Maxine L redaktorlar The Oxford Dictionary of the Jewish Religion Oxford University Press 2011 ISBN 9780199730049 Van der Toorn Karel Ritual Resistance and Self Assertion Platvoet Jan G Van der Toorn Karel redaktorlar Pluralism and Identity Studies in Ritual Behaviour BRILL 1995 ISBN 978 9004103733 Van der Toorn Karel Yahweh Van der Toorn Karel Becking Bob Van der Horst Pieter Willem redaktorlar Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible Eerdmans 1999 ISBN 9780802824912 Van der Toorn Karel Family Religion in Babylonia Ugarit and Israel Continuity and Changes in the Forms of Religious Life BRILL 1996 ISBN 978 9004104105 Vriezen T C van der Woude Simon Adam Ancient Israelite And Early Jewish Literature Doyle Brian terefinden tercume olunub Leiden The Netherlands Brill 2005 ISBN 978 90 04 12427 1 Wright J Edward The Early History of Heaven Oxford University Press 2002 ISBN 9780195348491 Wyatt Nicolas Royal Religion in Ancient Judah Stavrakopoulou Francesca Barton John redaktorlar Religious Diversity in Ancient Israel and Judah Continuum International Publishing Group 2010 ISBN 978 0 567 03216 4