Tenebrae (Latın dilində "qaranlıq" deməkdir) — Qərb Xristianlığının Pasxa günündən əvvəlki üç gün ərzində keçirilən və şamların tədricən söndürülməsi, "strepitus" və ya "yüksək səs" ilə xarakterizə olunan dini mərasimidir. Mərasim sona yaxın tam qaranlıqda keçir.
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Tenebrae əvvəlcə son üç gününün (, və ) və əvvəlki günlərin (, Müqəddəs Cümə axşamı və Mübarək Cümə) axşamlarında xüsusi şənliklərin müşayiəti ilə qeyd edilməsi idi. Həmin bu şənliklərdə xüsusi üçbucaqlı şamlıq üzərində yandırılan şamlar nümayiş etdirilirdi.
Tenebrae adlanan müasir qeydedişlər və ya oxunuşlarına əsaslanaraq tamamilə fərqli məzmun və quruluşa malik ola bilərlər. Onlar Müqəddəs həftənin yalnız bir günündə, xüsusən (Müqəddəs Çərşənbə) keçirilə bilərlər. Əsasən gündüz saatlarında keçirilə və şamların sayı da dəyişə bilər.
Bu cür liturgik Tenebrae qeydedişləri indi Katolik Kilsəsinin , Lüteranlıqda, Anqlikanizmdə, Metodizmdə, İslah edilmiş kilsələrdə və mövcuddur.
İstinadlar
- Kosloski, Philip. Into the darkness of Good Friday: The ancient liturgy of Tenebrae. 12 April 2017. 17 April 2019 tarixində . İstifadə tarixi: 17 April 2019.
On each day of Tenebrae (Spy Wednesday, Holy Thursday and Good Friday) a special triangular candelabra (called a Tenebrae hearse) is displayed, traditionally holding 15 candles.
- Webster's New World College Dictionary (2014) 2024-03-29 at the Wayback Machine defines Tenebrae as "a Holy Week night service (Wednesday through Friday), formerly widely observed in the Western Church, consisting of group recitation of Matins and Lauds of the following day in commemoration of Christ's death and burial". Collins English Dictionary 2021-04-27 at the Wayback Machine (British usage) gives: "(formerly) the matins and lauds for Thursday, Friday, and Saturday of Holy Week, usually sung in the evenings or at night.
- Kosloski, Philip. "What is "Spy Wednesday"?" (ingilis). Aleteia. 28 March 2018. 17 April 2019 tarixində . İstifadə tarixi: 17 April 2019.
From Wednesday onward, Judas secretly watched for a chance to turn Jesus over to the chief priests, and so many Christians labeled this day as "Spy Wednesday." In the same vein various cultures reflected the somber mood of this day by calling it "Black Wednesday" or "Wednesday of Shadows," which also corresponds to the liturgical rite of Tenebrae that is celebrated on this day.
- Book of Occasional Services (ingilis). . 2018.
In this book, provision is made for Tenebrae on Wednesday evening only, in order that the proper liturgies of Maundy Thursday and Good Friday may find their place as the principal services of those days.
- Boonstra, Harry. "Tenebrae". Reformed Worship. 1986. 27 March 2018 tarixində . İstifadə tarixi: 27 March 2018.
Tenebrae services today, usually held on one day instead of three, follow many of the ancient customs. The pastor and members of the congregation read a number of Scripture passages— either the traditional fourteen or fewer. Often these passages are not psalms but rather portions of the Passion story. But no matter which Scripture and music are selected, the pattern of extinguishing the candles (and the overhead lights) and restoring the Christ candle remains the same. Some churches accentuate the darkness by tolling the bells.
- Ruehlmann, Greg. "In the Dark". Busted Halo. 21 March 2008. 18 April 2019 tarixində . İstifadə tarixi: 18 April 2019.
It has not been popular in decades, and it would be misleading to call it a "best-kept secret" of the Catholic Church—it's celebrated by some mainline Anglican and Lutheran communities as well.
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Tenebrae Latin dilinde qaranliq demekdir Qerb Xristianliginin Pasxa gununden evvelki uc gun erzinde kecirilen ve samlarin tedricen sondurulmesi strepitus ve ya yuksek ses ile xarakterize olunan dini merasimidir Merasim sona yaxin tam qaranliqda kecir Tenebra samligindaki on bes sam Antonio Gaudi Muqeddes Aile Mebedi Ibadet zamani samlar bir birinin ardinca sondurulur Isanin olmesi ve dirilmesi seriyasindan olan meqaleler Sonuncu sam yemeyi Carmixa cekilme Nezeriyyeler Pasxa Diger Basqa baxislar Xristianliqbaxredakte Tenebrae evvelce son uc gununun ve ve evvelki gunlerin Muqeddes Cume axsami ve Mubarek Cume axsamlarinda xususi senliklerin musayieti ile qeyd edilmesi idi Hemin bu senliklerde xususi ucbucaqli samliq uzerinde yandirilan samlar numayis etdirilirdi Tenebrae adlanan muasir qeydedisler ve ya oxunuslarina esaslanaraq tamamile ferqli mezmun ve qurulusa malik ola bilerler Onlar Muqeddes heftenin yalniz bir gununde xususen Muqeddes Cersenbe kecirile bilerler Esasen gunduz saatlarinda kecirile ve samlarin sayi da deyise biler Bu cur liturgik Tenebrae qeydedisleri indi Katolik Kilsesinin Luteranliqda Anqlikanizmde Metodizmde Islah edilmis kilselerde ve movcuddur IstinadlarKosloski Philip Into the darkness of Good Friday The ancient liturgy of Tenebrae 12 April 2017 17 April 2019 tarixinde Istifade tarixi 17 April 2019 On each day of Tenebrae Spy Wednesday Holy Thursday and Good Friday a special triangular candelabra called a Tenebrae hearse is displayed traditionally holding 15 candles Webster s New World College Dictionary 2014 2024 03 29 at the Wayback Machine defines Tenebrae as a Holy Week night service Wednesday through Friday formerly widely observed in the Western Church consisting of group recitation of Matins and Lauds of the following day in commemoration of Christ s death and burial Collins English Dictionary 2021 04 27 at the Wayback Machine British usage gives formerly the matins and lauds for Thursday Friday and Saturday of Holy Week usually sung in the evenings or at night Kosloski Philip What is Spy Wednesday ingilis Aleteia 28 March 2018 17 April 2019 tarixinde Istifade tarixi 17 April 2019 From Wednesday onward Judas secretly watched for a chance to turn Jesus over to the chief priests and so many Christians labeled this day as Spy Wednesday In the same vein various cultures reflected the somber mood of this day by calling it Black Wednesday or Wednesday of Shadows which also corresponds to the liturgical rite of Tenebrae that is celebrated on this day Book of Occasional Services ingilis 2018 In this book provision is made for Tenebrae on Wednesday evening only in order that the proper liturgies of Maundy Thursday and Good Friday may find their place as the principal services of those days Boonstra Harry Tenebrae Reformed Worship 1986 27 March 2018 tarixinde Istifade tarixi 27 March 2018 Tenebrae services today usually held on one day instead of three follow many of the ancient customs The pastor and members of the congregation read a number of Scripture passages either the traditional fourteen or fewer Often these passages are not psalms but rather portions of the Passion story But no matter which Scripture and music are selected the pattern of extinguishing the candles and the overhead lights and restoring the Christ candle remains the same Some churches accentuate the darkness by tolling the bells Ruehlmann Greg In the Dark Busted Halo 21 March 2008 18 April 2019 tarixinde Istifade tarixi 18 April 2019 It has not been popular in decades and it would be misleading to call it a best kept secret of the Catholic Church it s celebrated by some mainline Anglican and Lutheran communities as well